Also known as Cumberland Bone Cave
Where: Allegany County, Maryland (39.6° N, 78.7° W: paleocoordinates 39.6° N, 78.5° W)
• coordinate based on political unit
When: Irvingtonian (1.8 - 0.3 Ma)
• Withnell et al. 2020: combined US-ESR dates, paleomagnetics, and data from the Ondatra chronocline provide independent evidence that the fauna from Cumberland Bone Cave is between 660– 830 ka with a most likely age of 756 +87/-98 ka (Fig. 4).
Environment/lithology: cave; lithology not reported
Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils
Primary reference: J. W. Gidley. 1913. Preliminary report on a recently discovered Pleistocene cave deposit near Cumberland, Maryland. Proceedings of The United States National Museum 46:93-102 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap/M. Shalap]more details
Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis
PaleoDB collection 20302: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 18.02.1993, edited by Mark Uhen and Margaret Shalap
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
unclassified | |
Amphibia | |
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Cryptobranchus guildayi n. sp.13, Ambystoma opacum13, "Ambystoma maculatum" = Amblystoma maculatum13, Ambystoma tigrinum13, Gyrinophilus cf. porphyriticus13, Plethodon gultinosus13, Notophthalmus cf. viridescens13
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Reptilia | |
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Carphophis amoenus13, Diadophis punctatus13, Heterodon cf. platyrhinos13, Elaphe vulpina13, Opheodrys vernalis13, Lampropeltis triangulum13, Coluber constrictor13, "Natrix sipedon" = Nerodia sipedon13, Thamnophis sp.13
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Aves | |
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Otus guildayi n. sp.2
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Reptilia | |
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Mammalia | |
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"Thomomys potomacensis" = Thomomys potomacensis9, "Plesiothomomys potomacensis n. gen. n. sp." = Thomomys potomacensis7
"Plesiothomomys potomacensis n. gen. n. sp." = Thomomys potomacensis7 Gidley and Gazin 1933 pocket gopher | |
Atopomys texensis1, Synaptomys sp., Synaptomys cooperi8, "Clethrionomys sp." = Myodes11, Clethrionomys cf. gapperi9, Microtus sp., Pitymys cumberlandensis16, "Allophaiomys guildayi" = Microtus guildayi16, "Microtus cf. involutus" = Microtus guildayi7, Microtus cf. chrotorrhinus, Ondatra annectens9, Lasiopodomys deceitensis19, Phenacomys sp.9, Neotoma sp., "Neotoma magister" = Neotoma floridana8, "Parahodomys spelaeus n. gen. n. sp." = Neotoma spelaea7, "Neotoma spelaea" = Neotoma spelaea8, Peromyscus cumberlandensis9, Peromyscus cf. leucopus11, Neofiber sp.9, "Synaptomys (Myctomys) cf. borealis" = Synaptomys (Mictomys) borealis, "Mictomys borealis" = Synaptomys (Mictomys) borealis3
Synaptomys sp. Baird 1858 mouse
Synaptomys cooperi8 Baird 1858 southern bog lemming confirmed by Repenning 1992; not clear what "S. borealis" and "Dicrostonyx hudsonius" of Guilday are
Clethrionomys cf. gapperi9 Vigors 1830 southern red-backed vole omitted by Repenning 1992 but repeated by Guilday 1979
Microtus sp. Schrank 1798 vole
Microtus cf. chrotorrhinus Miller 1894 rock vole
Neotoma sp. Say and Ord 1825 pack rat
"Synaptomys (Myctomys) cf. borealis" = Synaptomys (Mictomys) borealis Richardson 1828 northern bog lemming | |
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"Sciurus hudsonicus" = Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, "Tamiasciurus hudsonicus" = Tamiasciurus hudsonicus8, "Sciurus tenuidens" = Tamiasciurus hudsonicus7, Marmota monax9, Spermophilus tridecemlineatus9, "Citellus cf. tridecemlineatus" = Spermophilus7, Tamias striatus9, Glaucomys sp.7, Glaucomys volans9, Petauristodon sp., Sciuropterus cf. alpinus
"Sciurus hudsonicus" = Tamiasciurus hudsonicus Erxleben 1777 American red squirrel
Petauristodon sp. Engesser 1979 squirrel
Sciuropterus cf. alpinus squirrel | |
Erethizon sp. Cuvier 1822 North American porcupine | |
Lepus sp. Linnaeus 1758 hare
Lepus ? americanus Erxleben 1777 snowshoe hare | |
Ochotona cf. princeps Richardson 1828 American pika | |
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Blarina carolinensis14 Bachman 1837 southern short-tailed shrew contra Graham and Semken 1976, "B. kirtlandi" is not present
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"Spilogale putorius" = Spilogale putorius9, "Spilogale marylandensis" = Spilogale putorius17, "Spilogale marylandensis n. sp." = Spilogale putorius7, Mephitis mephitis9, Brachyprotoma obtusata1
"Spilogale putorius" = Spilogale putorius9 Linnaeus 1758 eastern spotted skunk includes type of "S. marylandensis" of Gidley and Gazin 1933
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Lontra canadensis8, Taxidea taxus9, "Taxidea marylandica" = Taxidea taxus marylandica17, "Taxidea marylandica n. sp." = Taxidea taxus marylandica7, "Mustela cf. vison" = Neogale vison8, "Gulo gulo" = Gulo gulo1, "Gulo gidleyi" = Gulo gulo17, "Martes diluviana" = Pekania diluviana8, "Martes parapennanti n. sp." = Pekania diluviana7
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"Ursus (Euarctos) cf. americanus" = Ursus americanus, "Ursus americanus" = Ursus americanus6, "Ursus americanus" = Ursus americanus1, "Euarctos vitabilis" = Ursus americanus7, "Arctodus pristinus" = Arctodus pristinus9, "Arctodus haplodon" = Arctodus pristinus17, Tremarctos floridanus9
"Ursus (Euarctos) cf. americanus" = Ursus americanus Pallas 1780 black bear | |
"Felis cf. inexpectata" = Miracinonyx inexpectatus7, "Miracinonyx inexpectatus" = Miracinonyx inexpectatus1, "Panthera augusta" = Panthera onca9, "Panthera atrox" = Panthera leo atrox9, "Felis aff. atrox" = Panthera leo atrox7, "Smilodon californicus" = Smilodon fatalis9
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Canis sp., "Canis cf. priscolatrans" = Canis rufus7, Canis armbrusteri n. sp.8, Canis armbrusteri n. sp., Canis latrans18, Vulpes sp.
Canis sp. Linnaeus 1758 canine
Canis armbrusteri n. sp. Gidley 1913 canine
Vulpes sp. Frisch 1775 fox | |
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"Tapirus cf. haysii" = Tapirus (Helicotapirus) haysii Leidy 1860 tapir | |
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Tayassuidae indet., Platygonus sp., "Platygonus vetus" = Platygonus vetus17, "Platygonus intermedius n. sp." = Platygonus vetus5, "Platygonus cumberlandensis n. sp." = Platygonus vetus5, Mylohyus sp., "Mylohyus fossilis" = Mylohyus fossilis1, "Mylohyus pennsylvanicus" = Mylohyus fossilis17, "Mylohyus exortivus n. sp." = Mylohyus fossilis5
Tayassuidae indet. Palmer 1897 peccary
Platygonus sp. Leconte 1848 peccary
Mylohyus sp. Cope 1869 peccary | |
Suidae indet. Gray 1821 pig | |
Eptesicus cf. fuscus1, Myotis sp.12, Myotis cf. grisescens12, Vespertilio grandis, Vespertilio sp., "Corynorhinus alleganiensis n. sp." = Plecotus alleganiensis7, "Plecotus alleganiensis" = Plecotus alleganiensis8, Pipistrellus sp.11
Vespertilio grandis vesper bat
Vespertilio sp. Linnaeus 1758 vesper bat |